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Japan’s So-Called ‘Rising Militarism’ and Japan-US Relations

Дата публикации: 19-08-2026 13:31:00

Insights from Kuni Miyake.

Основное содержимое страницы с новостью.

The Diplomat author Mercy Kuo regularly engages subject-matter experts, policy practitioners, and strategic thinkers across the globe for their diverse insights into U.S. Asia policy. This conversation with Kuni Miyake — special adviser and board member of The Canon Institute for Global Studies in Tokyo, president of the Foreign Policy Institute, visiting professor at Ritsumeikan University, and former senior diplomat in the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs — is the 522nd in “The Trans-Pacific View Insight Series.” 

Identify the key factors fueling Japan’s so-called “rising militarism.”

With the exception of a few pundits both in Japan and abroad – whom I refer to as “post-World War II utopian pacifists” – almost no one believes that Japan is “becoming militaristic.” At the recent Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore, only one participant, whose government is non-democratic, spending almost five times more on military than Japan, and continuously threatening its neighbors, engaged in such “propaganda.” Japan’s Minister of Defense thoroughly refuted in response. 

The vast majority of the Japanese public, who have supported democratic civilian control over the armed forces for more than 80 years, would likely be perplexed by this kind of question itself.

Analyze Prime Minister Takaichi Sanae’s calculus in strengthening Japan’s Self-Defense Forces as a way to fortify the Japan-U.S. security alliance.

Fortifying the Japan-U.S. security alliance is not the “purpose” of Japan’s efforts to enhance its deterrence, but merely the “result” of it. Since World War II, and particularly after the Vietnam War, power balance among major countries in the Indo-Pacific region had relatively been well maintained. It was not until the 2010s that this regional balance of power began to break down. Since then, the military buildup by our huge neighbor, especially in maritime domains, including the East China Sea and the South China Sea, has heightened concerns among nations in the Indo-Pacific region – including Japan and Southeast Asia  – that seek to maintain the status quo. 

It is only natural that recent Japanese administrations, including Ms. Takaichi’s, have worked to expand necessary deterrence capabilities of Japan in cooperation not only with the United States or Australia, our “allies,” but also with these neighboring countries, and this approach has garnered understanding from the majority of nations in the region.

Examine Tokyo’s position and pronouncements on Taiwan vis-à-vis Beijing’s retaliation.

Japan’s position on Taiwan has remained unchanged since the normalization of bilateral relations with China in 1972. What is changing is the military policy toward Taiwan adopted by some countries, and Japan, the United States, and neighboring nations are growing increasingly concerned about this. Japan’s stance remains unchanged: it opposes any attempt by any country to “alter the status quo by force” and seeks to maintain the status quo in the surrounding region, including the Taiwan Strait.

Explain Tokyo’s threat perception of North Korea’s cooperation with Russia and dependence on China.

Japan’s policy toward North Korea has consistently been based on the 2002 Japan-North Korea Pyongyang Declaration, which aims to “comprehensively resolve outstanding issues such as abductions, nuclear weapons, and missiles, settle the unfortunate past, and work toward the normalization of bilateral relations between Japan and North Korea.” However, recent changes in North Korea’s military and economic ties with China and Russia must be viewed as negative developments that could heighten regional tensions and increase threats to Japan, the United States, and South Korea. Going forward, Japan will continue to work closely with the international community – including the United States and South Korea – under the principles of “dialogue and pressure” and “action for action” vis-á-vis North Korea.

Assess Tokyo’s ability to fund growing militarism amid an aging population, declining birth rate, and slow-growth economy, while aiming to maintain its regional leadership and partnership with the United States. 

To reiterate, condemning Japan’s coordination with the United States an ally working jointly to expand regional deterrence as “militarism” is missing the point and nothing more than a propaganda campaign by elements seeking to alter the regional status quo, which fail to face history and reality head-on. 

Although Japan faces challenges amid a declining population and a maturing economy, in terms of security, it will continue to maintain a highest degree of civilian control under its parliamentary democracy while sustaining cooperation and coordination with regional allies and friends, including the United States.

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